Onions were first brought to this country by early European settlers. Finally, long-day onions are adapted to the most northern climes of the United States as well as Canada and bulb with daylengths greater than 14 hours. The short-day varieties bulb with daylengths of 10-13 hours, intermediate varieties bulb with day lengths of 13-14 hours and are found in the mid-temperate regions of this country. Onions are grouped into three groups based on their response to hours of daylength. Unlike most other species, day length influences bulbing in onions as opposed to flowering. This adaptation is primarily due to differing response to day length. They can be grown from the tropics to subarctic regions. Onions are among the most widely adapted vegetable crops. There are no known wild ancestors, however, the center of origin is believed to be Afghanistan and the surrounding region. The ancient Egyptians are known to have cultivated this crop along the Nile River. Onions are one of the oldest vegetables in continuous cultivation dating back to at least 4,000 BCE.
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